Venezuela’s Foreign Relations Under Maduro and After

Venezuela's foreign relations under Nicolás Maduro are re-examined in a hypothetical 2025 context, following up on a 2019 analysis. The original piece argued that isolation from the U.S. and Latin American neighbors forced Maduro to seek allies with shared authoritarian ideologies. This new analysis questions how Maduro's alliance-building strategy has changed over six years. It specifically considers the evolution of his foreign policy amidst rising tensions with a potential Donald Trump presidency.