Does Russian Deterrence Begin in Poland?

The analysis revisits a 2018 argument for establishing a permanent U.S. military presence in Poland to deter Russian aggression. This presence was intended to signal a long-term U.S. commitment to the defense of Poland and the Baltic states. The authors re-examine their original thesis seven years later to assess its validity and impact. The central question is whether a permanent U.S. base in Poland is the most effective starting point for deterring Russia in the European theater.